Core formsJapaneseA1

Particles は, が, and を

These particles help Japanese mark topic, subject, and object clearly.

Examples

JapaneseTranslation
わたしはコーヒーを飲みます。Watashi wa kōhī o nomimasu.

I drink coffee.

だれが来ますか。Dare ga kimasu ka.

Who is coming?

この本はおもしろいです。Kono hon wa omoshiroi desu.

This book is interesting.

Pattern

topic + object + verb

How it works

These particles help Japanese mark topic, subject, and object clearly. This pattern typically appears as topic + object + verb and becomes easier when you meet it again in short, readable examples.

What to notice

  • は frames what the sentence is about.
  • が often highlights the subject or missing information, and を marks the direct object.

Why it matters

Start with polite identity and the particles that organize the sentence.

Use in context

Particles feel much less mysterious when you see them in focused contrast instead of trying to infer everything at once.