Grammar
Portuguese B2
Handle hypothesis, stance, and denser written Portuguese with more confidence.
On this level
- Advanced subjunctive
Use mood to express concession, distance, and unreality more precisely.
- Voice and distance
Write more impersonally or more indirectly when needed.
- Argument and connection
Make longer Portuguese explanations feel structured and persuasive.
Advanced subjunctive
Use mood to express concession, distance, and unreality more precisely.
Subjunctive with conjunctions
Conjunctions such as embora, caso, and antes que often trigger the subjunctive because they frame uncertainty, concession, or projected action.
Imperfect subjunctive and conditional
Use the imperfect subjunctive with a conditional result to imagine unreal or unlikely situations.
Voice and distance
Write more impersonally or more indirectly when needed.
Impersonal and passive se
Portuguese uses se to generalize actions or create passive-like meaning without emphasizing the actor.
Reported speech
Reported speech shifts viewpoint by moving someone else’s words into a new context with adjusted pronouns, time, or stance.
Argument and connection
Make longer Portuguese explanations feel structured and persuasive.
Formal connectors
Connectors such as no entanto, portanto, and além disso help shape contrast, consequence, and addition in longer writing.
Gerund and reduced clauses
Portuguese often condenses linked actions with the gerund or other reduced-clause structures.